B2B Organizational Marketing

Present day market leaders confront a number of challenges in securing new orders and customers. These challenges may take the form of a larger number of players influencing the customer decision process, increased buying criteria, greater expectations of faster feedback, and more expectations from the customers that the sales force understand the customer’s requirements. The customers have become more demanding and the competitors have become more productive which have also increased the challenges being faced by the businesses.The businesses are expected to possess the characteristics of flexibility, speed, easiness in dealing, fast, resilience, customer focus, and human warmth in their dealings (Rick Wolfe). Being a business based on the impulse and moods of the customers, the leisure cruise business needs much of these factors to be integrated into them for being successful in attracting more and new customers.This paper attempts to make a detailed report on the marketing techniques and business issues relating to the Carnival Cruise Lines and Crystal Cruise Lines who are the players in the same line of business with different marketing approaches to the business. Carnival Cruise Lines – A Background The evolution and growth of Carnival Cruise Lines marked the redefining of the leisure cruise industry. The company approached a diverse market adopting a novel theme of ‘Fun Ships’ adequately supported by competitively low pricing.There was increased pressure from competition which forced the company to have a relook into its ‘Fun Ship’ brand, without disturbing the equity content of the brand already developed by the company. From the points of view of the customers the cruise lines do not have any differentials. Hence it became necessary for the Carnival Cruise Lines to differentiate them to the customers by providing upgraded product features, efficient service, and a brand image which is not only convincing but also sophisticated.The 2,974 passenger capacity 110,000 ton Carnival Liberty was set to sail in July 2005. Built at $ 500 million the ship was the twenty first vessels in the fleet of Carnival Cruise Lines and it gave the company more passenger carrying capacity than any other cruise lines. The company arranged cruises covering more than three million guests during the financial year 2004 and the company’s revenues were in the region of $ 9. 73 billion, with net earnings of $ 1. 85 billion in the year 2004.The company has been maintaining its principles to adhere to the term ‘Fun Ships’ throughout the year and a time has come when the top leaders of the company have to have a rethinking on the level of customer service so that they can still maintain the brand image. This was due to the fact that there have been increased expectations and renewed competition in the industry. Marketing Strategy of Carnival The company had to develop its marketing strategy purely out of necessity. At a certain point of time Carnival did not have to make an advertising campaign to promote its cruises.In fact at that time no cruise lines made any efforts to advertise. During the start up years which were lean the onboard product was limited. The customers’ expectations were also limited as the cruise products that were available were still relatively new to the market and to the customers. The ‘Fun Ships’ concept of marketing was set in motion by Dickinson for the first time in the 1973 when he took charge as the vice-president sales of Carnival. He was inspired by the concept of ‘Happy ship’ promoted by Commodore Cruise Lines.This promotion started at a time when the cruise marketing focused its attention on the destinations covered by the cruises rather than the ships that were used for the cruises. The cruising during these times was promoted as a highbrow, luxurious experience. However Carnival adopted a different marketing strat egy by reasoning that ‘fun’ was what people really wanted to experience in a vacation. The company promoted the cruise in Mardi Gras as a fun-ship experience while cruising instead of promoting the cruises on the basis of destinations.This way Carnival decided to send a message that was unique in the cruise industry. (20) The marketing strategy of the company centered round the policy of the company to anchor the brand ‘Fun Ships’ to coincide with its positioning strategy. This enabled Carnival build an unmatched value proposition on the promise of fun during the cruise. This promise of fun has been made the marketing strategy of the company for at least the next thirty years of its existence.In quite contrast to the other cruise line customers Carnival through its ‘Fun Ships’ marketing theme attracted middle-class customers who are relatively young. To these kinds of customers Carnival offered full casinos, live music, discos, and wild daytime activities–including belly-flop, beer-chugging, and hairy-chest contests which were offered for the first time by any cruise. These fun based activities were quite different from the existing idea of in-cruise entertainment of shuffleboard and afternoon tea.With a view to make improvements in these fun activities Carnival built the new ships starting from the year 1980 providing for the facilities for the fun activities with bright colors and neon lighting unlike anything before seen in a cruise ship. These were quite different and shocking to the traditional ship owners. Carnival used the first-time cruisers as tools for the market development strategy for communicating the brand message of ‘Fun Ships’. The company articulated the ‘Fun Ships image by showing the ships and the possible entertainment architecture within the ships.The company promoted the marketing theme as ‘having fun comprising of guests â€Å"dining, dancing, playing, swimming, sun ning, and socializing at affordable price†. The company has started the advertising commercials in the 1984 and was the first cruise to advertise on the Television. The marketing objective of the company remained provision of fun all along the cruise. The company however continued to have the marketing objective to â€Å"introduce vacationers to cruising and to reinforce the image of Carnival as the essence of fun† (J. Robert Kwortnik Jr 2006).Challenges to Carnival’s Market-Leadership The major challenge to the marketing efforts of Carnival and a threat to its market-leadership position, is the continuous copying of the ‘Fun Ships’ brand by the competitor lines. For example the Royal Caribbean’s product offering of adventure-theme challenged the fun concept of Carnival Cruise Lines by an active-adventure version of Royal Caribbean; similarly the next generation of the ships of Royal Caribbean had a water theme park which would challenge Carni val Line’s water-park innovation.Another threat to the market position of Carnival arises due to the repositioning of the brand. This may be the result of the tension faced in the development of brand image which is characterized by the improvements in the product. However the management steers the brand toward a more sophisticated version of fun, the risk of mixed signals and brand confusion This makes the a brand's equity as more a function of the customers for a particular brand than the function of the brand. Crystal Cruises – a Background Crystal Cruise offers a hybrid style of cruising experience which is intriguing.Though the cruise line is decidedly upscale, its ships are larger ones quite unlike its luxury line competitors. These ships have the capacity of carrying 940 passengers. NYK lines of Japan own Crystal Cruises. The company founded in the year 1990 is based in Los Angeles. The earlier ships owned by the company included a 940-passenger ship by name â⠂¬ËœCrystal Harmony. This ship was first launched in the year 1990. The ‘Crystal Symphony’ was the second one to follow and also has a passenger carrying capacity of 940-passengers.The company added to its fleet the new ship ‘Crystal Serenity’ with a capacity of 1080 passengers which first sailed in the summer of 2003. The company has sold the ship ‘Crystal Harmony’ in the year 2005 to have once more only two ships in its fleet (Cruise Critic). Though the company has only two ships it has earned the distinction of one of the best cruise lines in the world with the extravagance of services it offers on board the ships. The added feature which enhances the marketing ability of the Crystal is the health club products it offers on board its ships including the Spa.Crystal Serenity is the largest ship of Crystal Cruise. This ship has all the facilities that the cruises of Crystal normally provide. These features include a Sushi Bar, a tennis court, and a board room offering variety of wines. The ship also provides a state – of – the – art children’s play area known as ‘Fantasia’ and also a teen center. There is also an indoor/outdoor pool and a higher ratio of balcony cabins and about 85 percent of the staterooms are having verandahs. The attractiveness of Crystal Cruise is magnified by its getting the ISO 14001 certification for its fleet-wide environmental management system maintenance.In continuation of its environmental management program the company is continuously establishing new goals to minimize the degradation to environment by reducing the use of plastics and increased recycling and enhanced fuel efficiency (Even Keel). Marketing Strategy of Crystal Cruises Crystal’s bigger ships carrying more passengers are one of the marketing points as against its smaller competitors. The company has a unique characteristic of having a highest guest-to-staff and largest guest-to-spa ce ratio.This has won more number of repeat passengers. The smaller line competitors do not have the facilities to compete with Crystal. â€Å"The facilities that crystal offer include biggest-ships-in-luxury-class status along with far more options, in terms of entertainment, socializing, casinos, spa and fitness facilities, activities, and enrichment opportunities† (Cruise Critic). â€Å"The renowned Crystal experience is distinguished by incomparable service, abundant space, extensive choices, and superior quality† (Crystal Cruise).Crystal Cruises is offering a program known as ‘Share the Experience’ which offers membership to its repeat customers to ‘Crystal Society’. The members of this society are given $ 100 shipboard credit when they are able to persuade a first timer to take a cruise with crystal. Crystal has roughly 60 percent of its customers as first timers to the cruise line. The marketing strategy of the company is to bring in mo re new customers and increase the ratio of new customers. The company believes in getting more to the new people for its growth (Christopher Elliott, 2007)The product offering by Crystal includes the ‘Crystal Spa’ the only Feng Shui- designed Spa on board any ship is one of the major marketing points for Crystal. â€Å"Superior service, state-of-the-art facilities and amenities, such as treatment rooms, saunas and a private sun deck or relaxation area with expansive ocean views, propelled the luxury line's Crystal Spa into first place among the magazine's savvy travelers who placed it alongside, and even above, some of the foremost spas in the world† (Crystal Cruises).The other area where Crystal concentrates to improve the satisfaction of its customers is the service being provided by its extraordinary staff which makes the cruises with crystal a unique experience. The company claims that their attention to details is the strength of its marketing and the compan y also provides a personalized experience with a boutique ‘Crystal Adventures’ and other customized ‘Crystal Private Adventure’.â€Å"The line’s glamorous casinos, array of evening entertainment and creative culinary venues and menus — such as the cuisine of master chef, Nobu Matsuhisa — rate high among those seeking quality choices on their floating luxury resort† (Article Avenue). Marketing Strategies of Carnival and Crystal – A Comparison While Carnival Cruise Lines are perceived to have action packed fun and look for younger and value driven customers, Crystal Cruise targets older generation customers who are keen to receive five star services aboard luxurious ships.The basic distinction in the marketing concepts of both the lines lies in the way they perceive the preferences of the customers. On the basis of the products that these lines can offer they select their customer bases and arrive at the marketing strategies . The idea of getting more number of new customers is considered unique as far as Crystal is concerned since the company feels that with the extravagant service it offers on board it can make them repeat their visits to their cruises.By taking more care on the health aspects with the provision of Spa and other extensive health club facilities the travelers will feel more at land than at sea. This coupled with the provision of the highest guest service with more number of attendants and staff would make the customers feel that their travel was filled with an experience quite different and they may decide to experience it once again. In the case of Carnival the marketing strategy involves more value in terms of fun at lesser cost while cruising. The cost factor is taken as the base of promoting their product offering.The customers that Carnival caters to being young ones the company takes more care to provide as many number of recreation facilities to the customers so that they repeat their visits to the cruise. Conclusion In general as the sales teams deepen their knowledge about the customer’s needs and preferences they are able to pinpoint the metrics that the customers will make use of for making an assessment of the product offerings by different vendors. This gives rise to several variations and product differentiations by the suppliers to meet the requirements of different customers.This is evident from the fact that two cruise lines’ – Carnival and Crystal – product offerings. It is observed that both of the lines have different marketing objectives and different set of customer segments to cater to and serve. While Carnival has the marketing strategy of having fun during the cruise and attract younger customers, Crystal looks for increased number of new customers with a product offering of fun combined with health with the offering of the state of the art Spa and other connected facilities aboard to attract the customers. Ref erencesArticle Avenue ‘Information and Tips for a Cruise Ship Vacation’ Christopher Elliott (2007) ‘Strategies to Make More Passengers Maiden Voyagers’ The New York Times dated February 25th 2007 Cruise Critic ‘Crystal Cruises’ Crystal Cruise ‘Crystal Cruises Celebrates Thanksgiving and Fall Sailings with Family â€Å"Values† ‘ Crystal Cruises ‘Crystal Cruises Named No. 1 Cruise Line Spa by the Readers of Conde Nast Traveler’ Even Keel ‘Cruise Line News: Crystal Cruise’ J. Robert Kwortnik Jr (2006) ‘Carnival Cruise Lines: Burnishing the brand’ http://www. allbusiness. com/accommodation-food-services/1190122-1. html Rick Wolfe ‘The New B2B Marketing Dashboard’

Haw Par Value Chain & Financial Ratios Analysis Essay

1. PART ONE 1.1 Introduction Haw Par Corporation Limited is a multinational corporation engaged in healthcare, leisure businesses securities and real estate investment, among which we will mainly focus on Haw Par’s traditional business sector-the healthcare segment, which includes 9 subsidiaries (Annual report, 2010). Based on revenues generated and locations of manufacturing facilities, two prominent geographical markets, Asia and America, are selected for discussion. We will look into the competitive environment of the corporation, and the generic strategies adopted to survive in the environment. Then we will investigate operations within Haw Par by analyzing its value chain activities, and propose improvements to enhance its competitive advantages. Lastly, we will identify the top risks imposed to the corporation. 1.2 Competitive Environment – Michael Porter’s Five-Forces Model 1.2.1 Threat of New Entrants Initial capital requirement of entering the healthcare industry is high, including investment in property, plant, equipment and research and development. Moreover, compliance burden with various regulations is heavy, as illustrated by the warning letter received by Haw Par from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US. Besides, its scale of business, well-establish brand and distribution network are difficult to imitate. Thus, the threat of new entrant is low. 1.2.2 Threat of Substitute Currently, Haw Par’s healthcare products mainly consist of traditional herbal medicines and newly developed chemical products. The substitutes of herbal medicines are mostly western chemical medicines. We can see that Haw Par is actively responding to the challenge of chemical medicines. However, the existing pharmaceutical companies are very strong, and their products are more competitive on the whole. Therefore, the threat of substitutes is medium. 1.2.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers The products of healthcare division are mainly traditional Chinese medicine oil and its related products, as well as muscle rub, spray and gel (Hoover’s, 2011). As the products are generally medications for daily use, the majority of buyers are individual consumers. Hence, the buyers’ bargaining power is weak. However, if the buyers’ group is large, for example, wholesalers or retailers, the bargaining power of buyer could be moderate or high (ME Porter, 2000). 1.2.4 Bargaining Power of Suppliers Due to Haw Par’s broad product lines, it would have contracted with vast suppliers for the procurement of various crude materials. The main ingredients are common Chinese medicines (Alternative Health Supplies, 2005). The company may choose from a wide range of suppliers. In general, bargaining power of suppliers is low. 1.2.5 Industry Competitors Haw Par has distinguished itself from small and medium size medicine oil businesses by its branding and broad market distribution, yet it is still involved in intense competition with business of comparable market share, for example, Biosensors International and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited which is a main competitor both in Asian and American market. In 2010, Sun Pharmaceutical’s deal with Taro Pharmaceutical Industries boosted Sun’s dermatology and topical products in U.S which might deeply affect Haw Par’s extension market. Generally rivalry among existing firms is high (Hoover’s, 2011). 1.3 Competitive Strategies – Michael Porter’s Three Generic Strategies The general global economic climate took a favorable turn in 09-10, boosting the consumer confidence. On the other hand, the competitive environment of the business is challenged by the intense competition and rising costs (PM Danzon, 2000). To enhance the performance of the business, Haw Par had responded â€Å"by introducing more products that will appeal to a larger group of consumers and by conducting more intensive marketing† (Wee Cho Yaw, 2010). The generic strategy adopted by the business is focus differentiation. The business focused on selective markets and products to raise entry barrier. For example, Haw Par launch a new product in 2011—Tiger Balm Active Muscle Rub which focused on a certain buyer segment—sporting enthusiasts. It also endeavored to distinguish itself by branding as well as adding uniqueness and value to products. One such example comes from Tiger Balm Medicated Plaster, a product with combined functions of energizing body and relieving pains. To do branding, Haw Par increased popularity by sponsoring public events such as marathons in Singapore, and advertising in national magazines in America (Haw Par, 2010). Besides, it also undertook social responsibility by contributing to charities, such as organizing the fundraising event â€Å"The Tiger Balm Record Roar† which supported the Society for the Physically Disabled (Haw Par, 2010). This focus differentiation strategy helped lower the degree of substitutability of other companies’ products and reduce the level of competition. 1.4 Top Three Business Risks The top risk was the intense competition from existing companies, as this would directly affect the percentage of market share owned by Haw Par, and hence its profitability. The second risk was the rising cost of raw materials, which was also an industry-wide problem that might limit a company’s development. Another risk was the failure of compliance with regulations, which had only emerged in the US market, but certainly reflected defects in Haw Par’s internal control. 1.4.1 Intense Competition from Existing Companies Haw Par Corp Ltd faced strong competition from a number of multinational corporations. According to the Competitive Landscape Singapore, in 2011, Haw Par ranks the third in the healthcare sector for market capitalization. The companies listed in Appendix 1 are the major competitors of Haw Par Healthcare Limited in Singapore. Besides, although Haw Par’s healthcare products were distributed to 150 countries via 70 distributors, it still faced high risk from competitors which could render its market share shrink in the health-care area (Haw Par, 2010). To mitigate this risk, Haw Par managed to boost its market shares through improvement of Tiger Balm brand by advertising, sales promotions and the extension of manufacturing line. Another strategy adopted was to diversify product line to broaden customer choices so that consumers would be more likely to choose Haw Par’s product and hence this risk would be minimized. 1.4.2 Increase in Costs of Raw Materials Due to upwards general inflationary pressure, unit price of herbal materials for traditional Chinese medicine was expected to rise. Haw Par also expressed serious concerns in its annual report on rising costs of raw materials and operating activities that would erode its profitability in healthcare sector. This would be one of the reasons why gross profit slipped 3.52% while net profit raised 88.50% in 2010, compared with 2009. To neutralize the negative impact, Haw Par put emphasis on expanding its product portfolio to cater for more customers (The edge, 2011). 1.4.3 Failure to Comply with Regulations and Provisions When Haw Par was expanding its market in foreign countries, it faced challenges in conforming to the different regulations and standards. For example, an inspection on Haw Par’s manufacturing facilities by FDA, discovered â€Å"significant violations of Current Good Manufacturing Practice regulations for finished pharmaceuticals† (FDA, 2010). Failure of conforming to regulations would pose a potential threat of being banned in specific markets, which would negatively affect revenue, brand image and social acceptance. To mitigate this risk, Haw Par shall immediately review the unqualified production and procurement practice while proposing appropriate remedies. Furthermore, Haw Par shall also seek opportunity to make appeal to the public so as to restore and conserve its corporate image. 1.5 Value Chain Activities – Primary Activities 1.5.1 Inbound Logistics For Haw Par’s health-care segment, inbound logistics contains management of raw materials, inventory control, warehousing and even returns to suppliers. Efficient inventory management system is an essential factor in boosting profits for Haw Par, by enhancing efficiency and thus reducing expenses. 1.5.2 Operations In the operating process, value is created through transforming the raw materials into final products. Unfortunately, Haw Par Healthcare was warned by FDA about mislabelled products and inadequacies (FDA, 2010). In this case, Haw Par failed to show itself â€Å"to be capable to detecting potential impurities†. Therefore Haw Par Healthcare should improve its testing and packaging operations, so as to maintain its product quality to secure current market position (CBS Interactive, 2010). 1.5.3 Outbound Logistics Though possessing a worldwide distributing network covering 70 countries, Haw Par continued expanding its markets. Nevertheless, Haw Par’s healthcare manufacturing facilities were centralized in its major markets, so as to reduce the costs and improve the overall efficiency. 1.5.4 Marketing and Sales Haw Par focused on marketing activities to boost sales and build brand image, as discussed in competitive strategies. According to the General Manager Ah Kuan Han, Haw Par would intensify substantial advertising activities to enlarge consumer bases (The Business Times, April 1st 2010). According to the horizontal analysis of income statement, the sales and marketing expense increased by 6.00% in 2010. Furthermore, with the already widespread fame, Haw Par was striving to expend its market in UK, America, Caribbean and other parts of world through its comprehensive marketing and sales strategies (The Business Times, 2009). 1.5.5 Service Haw Par has built the Tiger Balm website to facilitate serving its customers. The website provides a wide range of information about its products. Haw Par also provides experience sharing service on its website, through which past users can share their experience with others. 1.6 Value Chain Activities – Support Activities 1.6.1 General Administration A strong and effective board of directors would bring Haw Par to success, by supporting the whole Haw Par Corporation through the activities including planning, general management, risk management, and so on. Good management and information systems would increase operating efficiencies as well as improving the company’s image. 1.6.2 Human Resource Management Haw Par has been recruiting a large pool of staffs. More significantly, Haw Par emphasized on maintaining high quality employees, as evidenced in its advertisement of hiring o-level and above diploma holders as laboratory technicians. (Jobstreet.com, 2011) 1.6.3 Technology Development Haw Par has been actively engaged in technology development, indicated by its â€Å"launching of line extensions on a slate of new products that would address lifestyle needs of modern consumers† (Haw Paw, 2010), which would secure Haw Par’s long term competitiveness in the market. Yet Haw Par shall continue its efforts in innovation to further strengthen market power and improve efficiency. 1.6.4 Procurement As the ingredients of Haw Par’s product are mainly traditional herbs supplied from China, India and Malaysia, the cost of materials from these suppliers is relatively low. However, the procurement activity still needs to be further improved. As mentioned above, Haw Par received a warning letter from FDA which identified a problem of unqualified suppliers. Thus, apart from outsourcing cheaper raw material from suppliers, Haw Par should keep monitoring its suppliers regularly to ensure reliability. 2.2 Financial Ratios Analysis The following sessions will assess the profitability, liquidity (including operating efficiency) and solvency of Haw Par in 2009 and 2010, and account for any substantial fluctuation emerged, through analyzing relevant financial ratios respectively. One of Haw Par’s major competitors – Sun pharmaceutical industries Ltd. is also referred to for comparison. 2.2.1 Profitability Analysis Ratios adopted here include net profit margin, gross profit margin, return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share. The net profit margin of Haw Par nearly doubled from 46.10% to 86.90%. Such a rise is aligned with the increase in sales revenue from $124m to $130m, mainly due to the recovering global economy. As the International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated, the world real GDP growth is 1.4% and 2.5% for 2009 and 2010 respectively, while for Asian countries the growth was estimated to be 5.5% and 7.0% (Michael Mussa, 2009). As an Asian company, Haw Par has benefited greatly from the economic recovery. However, the gross profit margin displays a slight decrease from 58.25% to 56.20%. This can be partially attributed to rising material costs and operating expenses. Haw Par reported a 7.51% increase in costs of sales while Sun Pharmaceutical reported a 28.3% rise in the costs of sales. Consistent with the trend shown in profit margins, the return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share ratios are also nearly doubled, owing to a better economic environment. Though the total assets and owners’ equity increased due to the market expansion in America, the increase is insufficient to offset the effect of a strong rebound in net income. In short, ratios concerning the profitability manifest a rising trend, and thus we conclude that Haw Par’s profitability has improved from 2009 to 2010 by tapping the opportunity of the warming global economic climate. It also outperformed its competitor, Sun Pharmaceutical, which reported an 8.62% fall in income from operation in 2009-2010(Sun Pharmaceutical, 2010). 2.2.2 Liquidity and Efficiency Analysis Ratios adopted here comprise of current ratio, quick ratio, assets and fixed asset turnover, inventory and receivable turnover, average days in inventory, and average days of receivables. Quick ratio and current ratio are used to assess group’s ability to pay the current liabilities due within one year. The current ratio of Haw Par dropped from 12.57 to 12.09 because of the fair value losses in its investment in United Overseas Bank Limited and disposal of available-for-sale financial assets (Haw Par, 2010). However, the quick ratio, a more stringent measure on liquidity, indicated a rise from 2.70 to 3.31. The contradictory result is actually justifiable on the basis of the very reasons just mentioned. Due to an increase in cash and net accounts receivable, the quick ratio increased, it can be concluded that Haw Par demonstrated a greater capability in meeting its short term bond obligations. The assets turnover and fixed assets turnover ratios assess the group’s ability to generate revenue for each dollar invested in assets and fixed assets respectively. Haw Par’s assets turnover experienced a slight drop from 0.07 to 0.06, while its fixed assets turnover increased from 2.73 to 2.91. Possible explanation would be the group’s heavier investment in subsidiaries and inventories, which increased the total assets, resulting in lower asset turnover ratio. Since the fluctuations on both indicators are insignificant, it is unconvincing to say that Haw Par’s management efficiency improved. The inventory turnover ratio and average days in inventory assess how fast the company is selling its inventories. From 2009 to 2010, the inventory turnover declined from 8.19 to 7.41 and average days in inventory lengthened from 44.59 to 49.29. This is attributed to a 52.30% increase in inventory. These two indicated that Haw Par’s inventory management became less efficient. However, Haw Par might have accumulated inventory purposely to counteract the negative impact of rising raw material costs. The receivable turnover and average days of receivables both indicated the improved efficiency in collecting receivables. While the receivable turnover rose from 6.17 to 6.99, the average days of receivables fell accordingly from 59.20 to 52.23 days. It is discussed earlier that sales revenue increased sharply. Besides higher sales revenue, another factor accounting for this may be a better economic situation under which fewer customers face liquidity problem. In all, though its current ratio decreased slightly, Haw Par still retains its ability to cover short-term debt. However, there is still room for Haw Par to enhance its operating efficiency. It may improve the inventory and receivable management system to boost its business performance. 2.2.3 Solvency Ratio Analysis Ratios adopted for solvency analysis are debt to assets and cash acquisition. The debt to asset ratio reflects the degree of reliance on creditor finance. Haw Par’s debt to asset decreased from 0.047 to 0.045, indicating Haw Par’s improvement of financing strategy by financing more on equity. Two possible explanations for that change may be: (1) Sufficient cash flow allowed Haw Par to rely less on loans. (2) The promising trend in economy helped restore confidence of shareholders who in turn invested actively, as evidenced by the rise in share capital. The cash acquisition ratio nearly doubled from 5.92 to 9.40. The numerator, net cash from operation, plummeted by more than half; however, the denominator, cash paid for PPE, fell more dramatically by two thirds. The two fluctuations as a whole resulted in a rise in cash acquisition ratio, giving a positive indication on Haw Par’s solvency situation. As the two ratios suggested, it seems plausible that Haw Par has improved its solvency. However, its competitor Sun Pharmaceutical, with the debt to assets ratio of merely 0.026, has outperformed Haw Par in solvency. It is still possible for Haw Par to improve further. 3. CONCLUSION To conclude, though benefited from the overall economic recovery, Haw Par was also surrounded by risks and challenges in the competitive environment. However, it has been actively engaged in product innovation and adopted pertinent strategies, especially in marketing sector. Haw Par’s responses were fairly effective in tackling the above-mentioned problems, as proven by its successful financial year. So far, Haw Par has been tapping the benefits of economies of scale, enjoying the opportunities in the emerging Asian market and taking advantage of the global economic recovery. Yet in the contestable market where the barrier to entry is minimal in the long run, Haw Par should continue to strive hard so as to maintain its competitiveness in the ever-changing business world.

The Hunger Game by Suzanne Collins Essay Example for Free

†The Hunger Game† by Suzanne Collins Essay The novel The Hunger Games written by Suzanne Collins. This novel talks about 12 districts that are controlled by the Capitol and the Capitol created The Hunger Games to remind people of the districts about dark day. In the novel, the most prevalent tones are sadness and anger. The Capitol provides 12 districts a dark life, and it also sets a cruel game for the people. All the time, tributes are forced to do something that they do not want to do. Capitol provides 12 districts a dark life. First of all , there is not enough food to feed people, so they have to hunt in the woods, but this is not allowed for anyone. For example, â€Å"Most of the peacekeepers turn a blind eye to the few of us who hunt because they are as hungry for fresh meat as any body is.† ï ¼Ë†P5 Collinsï ¼â€°As the leader of 12 districts, of course the Capitol should provide them a good life, but in fact they are just thinking about themself and do not give their citizens enough food . To support citizens’ life ,these people aret forced to do some things that are not allowed. So people will be happy with a comfortable lifeï ¼Å'and If the life for them is struggleï ¼Å'then that would be very sad. Secondlyï ¼Å'there is a lot of cruel rules for people. For instanceï ¼Å'â€Å"My father could have made good money selling themï ¼Å'but if the officials found out he would have been publicly executed for inciting rebellion.†Ã¯ ¼Ë†P5 Collinsï ¼â€°People need weapons to protect themself in such a dangerous districts. However it is not allowed. the Capitol should not kill people who owns weaponsï ¼Å'because that person may have not done anything. So the rule that weapons are not allowed is so sad for the citizens of Panem. Finally, There is not enough electricity for people,â€Å" But since we are lucky to get two or there hours of electricity in the evening.†(P4-5 Collins) Electricity is very important for living, but the Capitol just gives a few hours of electricity to their citizens, this may bring about bad effect to people’s life. So a life without electricity would be very sad. In conclusion, the life that capitol gives to 12 districts is dark and sad. Th e Capitol created a cruel game to make tributes from 12 districts kill each other. First of all, The Hunger Games breaks many warm families. In detail, each year, there will be two young children chosen from  each district, and at the end, there will be just one tribute left, and other will have died. A child is very important to a family ,but in the game , they are just entertainment tools. At the end of the Games most families of these tributes will lose their child. So the game is so cruel to citizens. In addition, in this game, the tributes’ life are meaninglessï ¼Å'this game is just to make the people merry in the Capitol. As proof, people in the Capitol do not mind tributes die or not, they just enjoy this game , and the Capitol wants make more fun from this game. A life for person is priceless, but capitol just make tributes kill each other. In The Hunger Game ,these tributes are just tools that make the audience happyï ¼Å' so they are being ignored. This is so cruel to the people. Finally, in the Games,the gamemakers give the tributes hope that t wo tributes from the same district would both be the winner,but the Capitol destroyed it at the end. More exactly, â€Å"Under the new ruleï ¼Å'both form the same district will be declared winners if they are the last two alive , Greeting to the contestants of the Seventy-fourth Hunger Games. The earlier revision has been revoked. Closer examination of the rule book has disclosed that only one winner may be allowed.† (P342 Collins) Two people from same district might have mutual feelings with each otherï ¼Å'so the new rule for them is pretty goodï ¼Å'this is a good hope for themï ¼Å'and they can be a team,but at the end, the another new rule is asking two persons that have already formed an alliance kill each otherï ¼Å'that is so cruel for these two people. So what the gamemakers did would make tributes so angry. In conclusionï ¼Å'the rules that the Capitol gives to tributes are so cruel. All the timeï ¼Å'the tributes are forced to do something that they don’t want to do. First of all, Katniss was asked to fall in love with Peeta. In detail, Haymitch wants Katniss and Peeta to get more help from the audience, so he asked Katniss and Peeta to fall in love with each other. Katniss knows that other tributes will be her enemy in the game, include Peeta. So she tries to be far away from Peeta, bu t she just wants to get some help in the game, Haymitch asks her to fall in love with her enemy, and Katniss is so angry about this. Secondly, in the Games, Katniss wants to keep away from the other tributes, but to make more fun, the gamemakers make more danger to try to put all tributes together. For example, the gamemakers are afraid Katniss would not meet another tribute, so they don’t mind whether Katniss dies and they make a fire to change  Katniss’s direction. This game is making the tributes fight by their own and their fate is handed into their own hands, but the gamemakers interfere in the process of the Games. So the tributes are angry with what the gamemakers did . Finally, at the begin of game, what Katniss wants to do is get the weapon ,but she is asked to find water first before the Games started. â€Å"Just clear out ,put as much distance as you can between yourselves and the others, and find a source of water.†(P149 Collins) Katniss has her own thoughts, and she thinks she is good at hunting, so she needs a weapon, this is what she really wants to do at the beginning of the Games, but Haymitch asked her to do other things. This is not the way Katniss wants to do ,so Katniss is so angry about Haymitch’s advice. In conclusion, the tr ibutes always were asked to do what they don’t want to do, this is so sad and creates anger in them. In summery, the Capitol provides 12 districts a dark life ,also creates a cruel game for citizens . All the time , the tributes are forced to do some things that they do not want to do. So The Hunger Games make people of 12 districts and tributes sad and angry. Work Cited Collins, Suzanne. Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic, Inc., 2008. Print †The Hunger Game† by Suzanne Collins. (2016, May 10).

Identify a significant problem area within American Business, or Essay

Identify a significant problem area within American Business, or Business Related Law today - Essay Example In an employment situation, for example, an employee may be being subjected to language discrimination if the workplace has a â€Å"speak-English-only† policy but the employee’s primary language is something other than English† (The Legal Aid Society - Employment Law Center and the ACLU Foundation of Northern California 1). 2. Description of the Nature and Extent of the Problem in Contemporary Society In contemporary society, language discrimination still continues despite laws that were enforced regarding the need to comply with regulations imposed by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which states that â€Å"the mere existence of a â€Å"speak-English-only† workplace policy is evidence of discrimination under federal law† (The Legal Aid Society - Employment Law Center and the ACLU Foundation of Northern California 2). Furthermore, discriminating the use of one’s native language has been found to â€Å"be a form of discrimination o n the basis of race or national origin, which are prohibited by well-established civil rights laws such as Titles VI and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (a federal law), and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act (a state law)† (The Legal Aid Society - Employment Law Center and the ACLU Foundation of Northern California 1). 3. ... enter) on behalf of the plaintiffs, the Filipino nurses’ employed in DRMC were summoned to alleged mandatory meetings emphasizing the need to conform to the English-only policy and were, likewise, appropriately advised and warned that surveillance monitoring systems would be installed as a means of controlling them. As such, the report indicated that even during break time, fellow staff nurses continue to barrage these Filipino nurses into complying with the English-only policy; they were also encouraged to immediately report Filipino nurses who speak in their native language. In a copy of the case brief, it was also disclosed that the discrimination targeted only Filipino nurses, and other non-Filipino nurses who speak their respective native languages were not subjected to the same discriminative rules and practices (Asian American Legal Center, "Case No. 1:10-cv-01492-LJO-JLT" 9). 4. Analysis and Discussion of Ways that the Problem Affects Life The language discrimination p roblem was reported to have caused severe emotional and psychological stress, as well as economic difficulties, which ensued due to the need to file legal charges against the hospital for violating the rights of these workers, subject to the Equal Employment Opportunities law and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. According to one of the nurses, who was selected spokesperson of the Filipino nurses who filed the legal action against DRMC, the organization’s imposition of sanctions created due embarrassment and lowered the morale of Filipino nurses. Despite having served the organization for a considerable length of time, the loyalty and dedication rendered were not at all acknowledged and, therefore, the language discrimination practiced causes significant stress, feelings of isolation, and being

Mass-spectrometer (another copy) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Mass-spectrometer (another copy) - Essay Example ion concentrations of shared elements for all the drugs as well as, once detected these chemical elements will be matched with a catalogue of chemical compounds; an illustration of this process is described in the report as well as an assessment on the limitations, design specifications, besides recommendations for enhanced dependability. Basically, a mass spectrometer performs three important roles (Figure 1). Initially, it bombards the molecules to be analyzed with a stream of high-energy electrons, transforming a number of the molecules to ions, which are then fast-tracked in an electric field by a sequence of polarized fast-tracking plates, a huge potential difference (p.d), oscillating from 1 to 10 kV (kilovolts), applied across these fast-tracking plates yields a beam of briskly roaming positive ions. Moreover, one or more focusing slits subject the ions into a uniform beam. What is more, majority of the sample molecules do not undergo ionization, nonetheless, are incessantly drawn off by vacuum pumps which are linked to the ionization chamber; whereas some of the molecules are changed to negative ions by the absorption of electrons. Consequently, the repeller plates engross these negatively charged ions. Besides, a number of the positively charged ions which are produced can possess a charge greater than one ( a loss of in excess of a single electron). These are fast-tracked in a similar way as the singly charged positive ions. Secondly, the fast-tracked ions are isolated consistent with their mass-to-charge ratios in an electric or magnetic field by a deflection that transpires through an applied magnetic field. Finally, the ions that have a specific mass-to-charge ratio are identified by a detector device which can tally the number of ions reaching it that have negotiated the static-curved radius of arc because of the applied magnetic field (Figure 2). Additionally, particles with mass-to-charge ratios which are both too large as well as too small hit

Ethical Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Decisions - Essay Example Due to the nature of this circumstance, various ethical issues usually tend to arise. The major ethical issues that usually arise include: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Minors are considered not be competent enough to consent to treatment. A proxy with parental responsibility is expected to make decisions which are deemed to be in the best interests of the minor especially in life-saving care (Gaudine, et al., 2011). However, if it is not deemed to be so, the decision made by the proxy can be overruled by the court. The court can also consent on the child’s behalf and can overrule the refusal by the parent to consent to life-saving care. This is evidenced by the overruling of cases over Jehovah’s Witnesses believers refusal to consent to life saving blood transfusion. Whereas this seems to be against certain ethical principles, they are deemed to be within these principles in some respect (Clark, Cott, and Drinka, 2007). It is against this backgro und that this paper will seek to examine and evaluate how each of the four major ethical principles can be applied to this issue. Autonomy The autonomy principle is one of the guiding medical ethics principles that mean that patients have the right to choose what is done to their respective bodies or that of the people they have responsibility over (Clark, Cott, and Drinka, 2007). ... to try and convince the judge that the court should take temporary child custody and appoint a guardian so as to allow the life-saving treatment to be undertaken on the child (Gaudine et al, 2011). This is where the court consent applies on the child. In most cases, the parents who refuse life-saving care for a minor child usually do so for religious reasons as they refuse the fairly standard medical treatment. A good and most common example is that of the Jehovah Witness members refusing blood transfusion of their family members. Nonetheless, should parents allow the treatment of their children even when the treatment seems to be high-risk and complicated one? This ethical principle asks the question of whether the doctors should take the parents who think that the life-saving care is high-risk and complicated (Beauchamp and Childress, 2001). Beneficence This ethical principle states that whatever is done should, before all else, of benefit to the patient. The principle requires tha t those with the responsibility over the patient including the parent of minors and the doctors should take actions that benefit the patient, and not to the detriment of the patient (Clark, Cott, and Drinka, 2007). While obviously it appears that one cannot do anything that does not help the patient, people are sometimes tempted to do things, when asked by other physicians or families that are of no or of marginal benefit to patients. For example, doing a test or surgery that is unlikely to help the patient. In the case of parental refusal of life-saving care for a minor child, it raises the question of whether such a refusal is deemed to benefit the minor child or not. If such a refusal will benefit the child then the doctors may consider it. However, in most cases, parental refusal is

EC Enforcement Procedures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

EC Enforcement Procedures - Essay Example Directive 2008/999/EC issued by the Council is regulated by Article 249 of the Treaty Establishing the European Community. The manner in which Article 249 applies to Directives is contained in the following excerpt from Article 249: Article 249 is similarly applicable to Council decisions with the result that the Council’s Directive and decision under Article 226 are both bindings on the UK and Germany. Failure to comply with the instructions to implement the Directive into local law by the time stipulated for doing so constitutes an infringement capable of invoking Article 228’s judicial process for the implementation of sanctions. Likewise, a failure to comply with the Council’s opinion under Article 226 automatically invokes Article 228’s judicial proceedings for the implementation of sanctions.5 Cumulatively, Articles 211 and Article 249 not only ensures that EC laws are adapted and applied throughout the EC Community but also imposes upon the Commission a residual duty to ensure that EC laws are implemented by the Member States. In the Commission of the European Communities v French Republic Case C-177/04 a scenario arose similar in nature to the one involving Germany and the UK. In this case, France had implemented an EC Directive on damages for product liability but had failed to reflect the actual extent of damages prescribed by the Directive. The Commission invoked Article 226 of the EC Treaty and issued a reasoned opinion in which it found that France had not fulfilled its Treaty obligations and required that it do so.  Ã‚     

Environmentally Sustainable Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Environmentally Sustainable Business - Essay Example Other initiatives include development of aero-engines that are friendlier to the environment and airframes that are efficient. The aviation industry has also developed ways of assisting communities and passengers comprehend the concept of climate change and pollution resulting from use of the airlines. Aviation Industry players are undertaking the initiatives to mitigate the negative environmental effects caused by the activities in the aviation industry. The activist stage explain that societal issues caused by businesses or organizations are new and very few people understand the extent of their good or bad sides to the society. As a result, activists are ignored because they are not supported by facts or evidence. Proponents of the new societal issues are normally ignored or dismissed by the business community and authority. The proponents championing for societal rights are activists (Zadek 2004). According to the SA (2009) report, issues of environmental challenges had already emerged in the UK aviation industry, and the authorities, airlines and the communities have negotiated mitigation measures. This stage had been by-passed because powerful coalition was underway to deal with the environmental challenges of aviation industry. The coalition is comprised of airlines, Airport Operators Association (AOA), the British Air Transport Association (BAT), the Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC) and NATS (AS 2009). The second stage is the emerging stage. This stage recognises that the political and media community know and understand the societal issues. There are research bodies that emerge to study the cropping societal issues in the UK aviation caused by aviation activities and processes. The second stage has also been by-passed because climate change, noise and air pollution have become common knowledge in the United Kingdom especially among air operators. Researches have also been commissioned while monitoring and evaluation frameworks have been

Coach or Mentoring Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Coach or Mentoring Reflection - Essay Example This research begins with the statement that mentoring, or coaching, refers to the training of an individual or a group of people. A single or a corporate entity, with the aim of developing positive outcomes in a mentee, may undertake it. The teachers’ responses to the pre-established questions on the characteristics and types of support offered by a mentor or a coach corresponded with slight differences in the mentor’s approach to the mentoring process. The teachers, for example, agreed that a mentor must be a person of integrity who is honest and ethical in the mentoring process. They both cited advantages of honesty and morality in the process towards effectiveness. While honesty develops the mentee’s trust and facilitates freedom between the two parties, the mentor’s morality induces the mentee’s confidence. These allow the mentee to express strengths and weaknesses, comfortably, for an effective mentoring process. The teachers also stressed tha t integrity is core to every mentorship relationship. They also shared a common opinion on the mentor’s passion in the process and they argued that the passion is likely to motivate the mentored party who may associate it with his or her already developed qualities. One teacher, however, suggested that such passion should be moderately expressed while the other argued for total expression of the mentor’s passion. There was however, a conflicting opinion on whether the mentor should be willing to learn more from the process.   One teacher expressed the opinion that the mentor is a trainer and should learn outside, and before mentoring process. He identified research on effective mentoring skills as an approach towards learning about the mentoring process and pointed out that learning from the process my adversely affect the mentee’s confidence, and the overall effectiveness of the learning process. The other teacher however supported an open approach that allow s a mentor to learn from each process. She identified differences among mentored subjects as an avenue towards learning and argued that published mentoring skills are mere guidelines. Awareness of each mentee and the mentoring environment should therefore be allowed for development of appropriate mentoring techniques. There was however an agreement between the respondents that a mentor be enthusiastic and committed to any assignment that may arise from the process. This, they argued, facilitates the same characteristics in the mentored parties and promotes effectiveness of mentoring processes (Zachary, 2000). A mentor should further be focused on solving problems and empowering others to capacity by delegating work. A transformational form of influence should however follow this to ensure effective transfer of skills and potentials to the mentee. There were however, conflicting opinion on a mentor’s need to understand reformation and transformational processes. While one teacher argued that effective mentorship is about influence and empowerment that is attainable through demonstrations, the other teacher insisted on the significance of transformation and reformation processes in molding a mentee to a desired level of potential. They however agreed that a mentor should be a catalyst to motivate development of the mentee’s potentials. They also agreed that a mentor should desire to grow and should be able to identify other people’s interest and to facilitate development of such interests. He or she should therefore strife for personal excellence while interacting with other people to understand their abilities. A good mentor should also have good communication skills to facilitate understanding in the mentoring process. This is because the skills enable the mentor to communicate objectives to a mentee

Chemical dependency Essay Example for Free

Chemical dependency Essay Group Structure: Type of group: This meeting was a â€Å"Narcotics Anonymous Open Sharing Meeting†. This component, where anyone attending had the opportunity to share. There was no direct feedback from the other participants during the â€Å"share†, thus only one person spoke at any given time during that portion of the meeting. Organizational affiliation: Narcotics Anonymous as a group has no affiliation outside of Narcotics Anonymous. As a group they have no opinion on outside issues,† including those of politics, science, or medicine, and do not endorse any outside organization or institution. The fellowship does not promote itself, but rather attracts new members through public information and outreach. Narcotics Anonymous groups and areas supply outside organizations with factual information regarding the Narcotics Anonymous program, and individual members may carry the Narcotics Anonymous message to hospitals and institutions, such as treatment centers and jails. Narcotics Anonymous as a group base their public relations policy on attraction rather than promotion. Physical environment: This meeting was held in the recreation room in the basement of a church. There was an oblong table at the head of the two rows of chairs placed in a 360 degree circle. Participants: There were roughly 40-50 participants ranging in age from mid teens to late 50’s. There were only 5 females in attendance. This group’s ethnicity was about 85% Caucasian, 10% African American and 5% Latino. Leadership structure: In different areas the work is divided differently, and the particular jobs are sometimes called different names. At this particular meeting the leadership structure was as follows, ranking from top to bottom in hierarchy. Chairperson, Co-Chairperson, Secretary, Treasurer and Group service representative (GSR). Process: What the group does for a person’s first visit? First time visitors and  newcomers to this meeting were asked to introduce themselves by first name only. These individuals were welcomed by all the participants at the meeting. These individuals were given a hand shake, a hug and a white key tag (by a presenter) that said welcome on one side and on the other side had the Narcotics Anonymous logo. How members’ contribute to the group’s leadership? Members who attend the same meeting on a regular basis to establish a recovery network and reliable routine understand this to be their â€Å"Home Group†. These group members are able to participate in the group’s business, and play an important role in deciding how the structure, leadership and the group’s meetings will be conducted. Each member has a vote in this process and the majority vote rules. Activities that occurred during the meeting. There were no physical activities during this meeting but certain individuals read inserts from the â€Å"Basic Text Book† of Narcotics Anonymous pertaining to that week’s format and agenda. Address the following questions: How did the group begin? The group began by the Chairperson knocking on the table to gain every ones attention, then announcing them self, followed by stating the name of this group (Dead Man Walking) then reciting the Serenity Prayer. How was the purpose of the meeting communicated? The purpose of the meeting was indicated by preamble which was read by the Chairperson also by the reading of the secretary’s report, which was read by the C-Chairperson, this stated the purpose of the meeting and the rules in which the participants were required to oblige by. How was the meeting’s agenda established? The agenda varies in whatever way seems to best suit the personality of the group and the needs of the addicts in the community. This meeting’s agenda and format was established by the governing members (from the Home Group) and varies from week to week but was mostly based on the 12 Steps and 12 Traditions of Narcotics Anonymous. Techniques used to encourage people to participate. It was announced to all those attending the meeting that participation was optional. What extent were these techniques effective. There was no pressure on anyone which made the atmosphere very comfortable. What are participants’ responsibilities for the meeting process? Anonymity of the group’s participants and process were the main responsibilities from all those attending and keeping the sharing time  between 3-5 minutes and not interrupting the person who was talking. How were these responsibilities explained? These responsibilities were explained to the group in detail during the reading of the secretary’s report. How did the group demonstrate interest, acceptance, etc. in those attending? The participants showed interest by paying close attention to the individual who was sharing and when those who shared finished, everyone in the group (at one time) thanked that person for sharing their story. What emotions were observed? There were a couple of times when an individual who was telling their story began to cry. Other times there was some laughter from the group when certain individuals identified their own story with the one the person was sharing. How did the participants respond to expressions of these emotions? The participants expressions showed true concern and empathy for those who were sharing their experience, strength and hope. Were there any decisions made for future events or meetings? It was stated in the secretary’s report that all meeting events and decisions are discussed and made during the group’s monthly business meeting. The business meeting for this group is held on the second Saturday of the month. Describe any observation of any therapeutic factors. The therapeutic value of one addict helping another gave each participant the feeling of acceptance and familiarity. There were a lot of similarities between the structure of an Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous meeting. A major difference I witness at the Alcoholics Anonymous meeting from the Narcotics Anonymous meeting was, at the Narcotics Anonymous Meeting it was suggested that those who was sharing not to acknowledge or mention there drug use. At the Narcotics Anonymous meeting it was clearly stated that â€Å"Narcotics Anonymous does not distinguish a difference between substances, they are all inclusive, â€Å"Alcohol is a drug†. It was also stated at the Narcotics Anonymous meeting that anyone from the other fellowship (Alcoholics Anonymous) was accepted at this and all Narcotics Anonymous meetings.

Behaviour Management in Classrooms

Behaviour Management in Classrooms Teachers face several challenges while teaching young children. One of the major challenges teachers need to adjust to while teaching in the early years of schooling is to be able to effectively manage the behaviour of students in a classroom setting. Teachers need to have realistic expectations of the appropriate behaviours that students can display in the classroom to ensure that effective and conducive learning takes place. Teachers spend most of their time in classrooms with students. Thus, it is important that they are able to successfully ascertain behaviour management strategies that will ensure classroom environments that are nurturing and marked with high levels of achievement. (Charles, C, 1996, pg 205) Therefore, it can be seen that behaviour management is an extremely imperative aspect in both the life of the teachers and students. Behaviour management refers to the actions and strategies of teachers to prevent and respond to inappropriate behaviour of students as well as to enhance self discipline among students. (Walker, J.E. and Shea, T.M, 1999 pg7) Inappropriate behaviour in classrooms may refer to students fighting, swearing, disrupting class activities for no reason, displaying loud and disorderly conduct and inept or misuse of equipment. (Walker, J.E. and Shea, T.M, 1999 pg 10) This kind of negative behaviour can cause distress, chaos and disruptions in learning especially for those who are keen to enjoy the learning. (Walker, J.E. and Shea, T.M, 1999 pg 10) Hence, it is fundamental that teachers develop an appropriate framework to manage the students behaviour. This is as the way in which behaviour is managed by teachers has a major influence on how the students will behave in the future. According to research, being able to successfully manage the behaviour of students in the early years ensures good academic learning to occur as there is a relationship between intellectual outcomes and behaviour. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 108) There are three reasons for this. The first is that a student who is responsible would adhere to certain student requirements such as paying attention and completing work on time. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 108) These are qualities fundamental to great academic achievement. Secondly, students who behave well will develop positive interactions with teachers and their peers. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 108) Having a good relationship with the teacher will enhance a students learning process as teachers seem to give less attention to students who misbehave.( McInerney, D, 1998 pg 108) Furthermore, a strong rapport among peers, especially peers who value education augments students motivation to achieve. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 108) Thirdly, students who are m otivated to behave in an appropriate and socially responsible manner will be motivated to engage well in their academic work. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 109) Instilling discipline and good learning skills in students is also essential. These lifelong skills which when imbibed at an early age will help the students to become good citizens in the future who will be disciplined in their working and adult life. Furthermore, having effective behaviour management strategies in place will result in a classroom environment that is conducive to learning and development as well as result in students understanding and developing appropriate behaviour. Hence, teachers need to be aware of a range of strategies and skills for responding to students inappropriate behaviour and managing their behaviour in the classroom. Firstly, teachers need to realise the cause of misbehaviour among the students in the classroom. There may be a few reasons as to why misbehaviour may occur. Misbehaviour and discipline problems tend to occur when students are not engaged in activities that are absorbing or interesting.( McInerney, D, 1998 pg 112) Students may also find tasks given to them either too hard or too easy hence not allowing them to achieve success. All this may lead to attention seeking through disruptive behaviour. Aside from poor quality teaching, students may have social and emotional problems such as inconsistent parenting, poverty, emotional or physical abuse, poor self esteem which could also lead to misbehaviour in classroom. . (Walker, J.E. and Shea, T.M, 1999 pg25) Other factors may include students rebelliousness or students not li king or being comfortable with their classmates. . (Walker, J.E. and Shea, T.M, 1999 pg25) According to Dreikurs, misbehaviour among students is usually a need for recognition and attention. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 125) As there are such varied causes for misbehaviour, it is vital that teachers analyse the causes of the behaviour of their students so as to provide them with helpful strategies and support to improve their behaviour. This analysis should be done by having a positive and interactive relationship with the students. (Charles, C, 1996, pg 206) Teachers should also provide personal attention towards all students to acknowledge and encourage their efforts. (Charles, C, 1996, pg 207) Teachers should also create a sense of togetherness in the classroom so that students feel at ease with one another and the teacher. Communication regularly and clearly with parents of students is also extremely essential to bring in parental support into the classroom. (Charles, C, 1996, pg 208) In this way, an atmosphere that is supportive, pleasant, encouraging and boosting self confidence as well as being non-threatening will be created. This positive atmosphere will allow teachers to better understand their students as well as the causes of their misbehaviour thus helping the teachers to implement fitting consequences and strategies in managing their behaviour. Apart from understanding the root cause of the students misbehaviour, teachers should also develop a framework of rules, routines and consequences from the onset of the year. The rules should be fair and equal towards all the students. Teachers should teach the students rules by demonstrating them clearly with concise explanations and role modelling suitable behaviour. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 110) This behaviour should then be practised and positive feedback should be given to students when they practice it. . (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 110) These rules should be guidelines of appropriate behaviour that the teacher expects whilst in the classroom and usually depends on the individual teacher. Examples of rules in the classroom could include sitting quietly and listening intently when the teacher is talking or participating in a group discussion in an apt manner by contributing well and not fighting or speaking rudely to one another. Teachers should intervene immediately if they notice misbehaviour in the classroom that is against the guidelines established occurring. This technique is withitness whereby the teachers are always aware of what is going on in the classroom. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 215) This will allow the misbehaviour to be corrected immediately and teachers could decide based on their guidelines if they want to warn the student or provide the student with a consequence. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 215) Consequences should also be applied with equality to all students and in a calm manner so that students realise that they were misbehaving and understand that their misbehaviour is against the guidelines established. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 115) A teacher should be firm but fair. Moreover, a good technique to follow if a student has broken a rule is to help a student evaluate his/her misbehaviour and to provide support to help the student improve upon their behaviour. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 122) An example of this is to confront a student who has misbehaved by asking him/her to explain their misbehaviour to bring out the cause of the misbehaviour. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 122) After finding out the cause, the teacher should establish with the student if his/her misbehaviour is against the rules established in the classroom. If so, teachers should encourage the student to find an alternative of their behaviour or to suggest a consequence that is fair to the student. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 122) This process will enable the students to understand where and why they went wrong. This technique is called reality therapy and is recommended by Glasser. (McInerney, D, 1998 pg 122) This is a practical approach that enables a student to realise their misbehaviour immediately as well as provide them with alternatives of misbehaviour to handling a similar situation. Teachers should be continuously involved in the process of helping students correct their misbehaviour so that they are aware of the misbehaviour and so that discipline is instilled in them. Apart from establishing a framework of rules and consequences, teachers should also establish a routine and an appealing curriculum in the classroom. This will help prevent boredom among the students. The classroom routine should be established at the beginning of the year and students should be made aware of it. (Rogers, B, 1990 pg 58) The routine should include smooth transitions among lessons with a prompt beginning and an appropriate concluding procedure. The learning curriculum should provide activities that are creative and innovative so that students are kept engaged and motivated to learn. Activities should also have objectives and goals that are catered to the individual students learning and development so that all students are occupied and enjoy their tasks. .(Rogers,B, 1990 pg 58) Activities should also be pitched at the different levels of ability of the students as well as have a holistic approach encompassing the physical, social, emotional and educational aspects of d evelopment. Such an interactive curriculum will reduce the occurrence of misbehaviour, minimize the chance of disruptions and ensure maximum productive work. In conclusion, teachers should strive to create an atmosphere in the classroom that is favourable to learning by maintaining a facilitating relationship with the students, establishing a reasonable framework of rules and consequences and finally, providing students with a curriculum that is not only motivating, but also appealing. The above mentioned techniques will allow teachers to understand the cause of misbehaviour in the classroom as well as to help curb it. This will be extremely beneficial to all the students as they will be provided with an environment that maximises their full potential in their learning and development and motivates them to succeed and achieve their goals.

Lekta & the Dialectic Essays -- Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Lekta & the Dialectic The scope of Stoic logic encompasses various aspects of their philosophy and serves as the primary method through which the rest of their opinions about the world are shaped. Stoic logic is easily divisible into two realms, the realm of the dialectic, and that of rhetoric. Rhetoric, with all its breadth and superfluity, seems less valuable to Stoic logic than the more simplistic dialectic. For the Stoics, the wise man is always the dialectician, for the dialectic distinguishes the true from the false with brevity and completeness. One of the most interesting aspects of Stoic logic, the concept of sayables or lekta pertains to this dialectic. There are numerous characteristics and conditions of sayables which ultimately reveal a great deal about the whole of Stoic philosophy and pose interesting questions about the continuity of their theory. Distinct from speech, sound, voices and utterances, lekta possess qualities which distinguish them from other aspects of communication and thought. At its most simple form, absent of various other conditions, a lekton is simply a piece of language that articulates a state of affairs, carries a truth value, and â€Å"subsists in accordance with a rational impression† (LS 196). Now, while lekta cannot be simply termed as speech or ideas, they are linked in a special sense with both speech and a concept to form an opinion. â€Å"†¦three things are linked together, ‘the signification’, ‘the signifier’, and ‘the name-bearer’. The signifier is an utterance, for instance ‘Dion’; the signification is the actual state of affairs revealed by an utterance, and which we apprehend as it subsists in accordance with our thought†¦ the name-bearer is the external object, for instance, Dion ... ...olded various lekta to create their propositions, forming questions which could be universally comprehended and evaluated. Without lekta, the dialectic could not have existed. The Stoic lekta, which I believe to be a corporeal part in the Stoic hierarchy of ‘somethings,’ provide a means through which logicians and philosophers could engage in the dialectic which developed various truths which we read about today. Whether lekta are a body or not, it remains that their strong independence and resilience as somethings can be used as a means to the end of scientific truth. Engaging in rational debate with propositions filled with subjects and predicates was the cornerstone of Stoic philosophy. Without logic, and the sayables which pieced together their dialectic, the Stoics would have been unable to provide perspective on those truths which have persisted through time.

Adult Education Essay -- essays research papers

Community Based Adult Education A. Global Assessment of Community Based Adult Education. This includes most important contributions they can make to society in the face of what are considered the most significant challenges of the 1990's. Who are the customers and how can they best be served? Which of the philosophies of adult education are most evident in each case?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adult educators in community based development identify with a specific content area or with a specific clientele. For example literacy (the adult reading programs established throughout different communities) and also health (aids awareness programs).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aims and purposes of community-based adult education are usually directly related to specific community issues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Community Development (strictly an educational process; everything else is secondary) vs. Popular Education (providing social skills useful to the oppressed).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Community-Based education operates on the assumption that a given community has potential to solve many of its problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The customers are the people in the community with common needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paulo Freire is the principle thinker under the Popular Education. B. What trends are evident (or can be expected) that will impact such institutions:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Education with the people instead of for the peop...

Atomic Bomb :: essays research papers

Just before the beginning of World War II, Albert Einstein wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Urged by Hungarian-born physicists Leo Szilard, Eugene Wingner, and Edward Teller, Einstein told Roosevelt about Nazi German efforts to purify Uranium-235 which might be used to build an atomic bomb. Shortly after that the United States Government began work on the Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was the code name for the United States effort to develop the atomic bomb before the Germans did. "The first successful experiments in splitting a uranium atom had been carried out in the autumn of 1938 at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin"(Groueff 9) just after Einstein wrote his letter. So the race was on. Major General Wilhelm D. Styer called the Manhattan Project "the most important job in the war . . . an all-out effort to build an atomic bomb."(Groueff 5) It turned out to be the biggest development in warfare and science's biggest development t his century. The most complicated issue to be addressed by the scientists working on the Manhattan Project was "the production of ample amounts of 'enriched' uranium to sustain a chain reaction."(Outlaw 2) At the time, Uranium-235 was hard to extract. Of the Uranium ore mined, only about 1/500 th of it ended up as Uranium metal. Of the Uranium metal, "the fissionable isotope of Uranium (Uranium- 235) is relatively rare, occurring in Uranium at a ratio of 1 to 139."(Szasz 15) Separating the one part Uranium-235 from the 139 parts Uranium-238 proved to be a challenge. "No ordinary chemical extraction could separate the two isotopes. Only mechanical methods could effectively separate U-235 from U-238."(2) Scientists at Columbia University solved this difficult problem. A "massive enrichment laboratory/plant"(Outlaw 2) was built at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. H. C. Urey, his associates, and colleagues at Columbia University designed a system that " worked on the principle of gaseous diffusion."(2) After this process was completed, "Ernest O. Lawrence (inventor of the Cyclotron) at the University of California in Berkeley implemented a process involving magnetic separation of the two isotopes."(2) Finally, a gas centrifuge was used to further separate the Uranium-235 from the Uranium-238. The Uranium-238 is forced to the bottom because it had more mass than the Uranium-235. "In this manner uranium-235 was enriched from its normal 0.7% to weapons grade of more than 90%."(Grolier 5) This Uranium was then transported to "the Los Alamos, N.

First Investments, Inc. Essay

Basic Industries is a diversified multinational corporation with major shares in various electric related markets. There is stock that has been held since the early 1980s and we have been asked to analyze and evaluate the past 10 years of data to either sell or continue holding the shares. We have also been asked to closely compare years 1993-1994 and not include the strike years 1989-1990. Through my analysis, I found that Basic Industries should hold on to the stocks. This can be backed up with several ratios and analysis for it, like the following: Equity turnover is the highest during 1994, following the trend in increase. If this continues then the company will keep producing more and more revenue with the investments. Asset turnover is also the highest in 1994, and also if this continues (which according the trend it should) there will be a bigger increase in the  reflection of the total assets being efficiently used to produce revenues. Lastly the equity multiplier is showing its highest value in year 1994. Reflecting the increase in how efficiently shareholders’ equity is being used to make assets. All the ratios above come from the DuPont formula, the formula that is used to find Return on Equity. So in theory ROE should be at its highest during the year of 1994. This is not the case due to the decrease in net income and profit margin. This decrease can be best explained by the increase in the interest expense ratio, causing the yearly interest expense to be higher and higher. From our net income sheet, we can see that when there are more expenses, there is less net income – ultimately leading to a drop in Equity. Return on Equity will take a hit from this higher interest expense each year. If the company wants to increase ROE again with good quality, they must continue to hold the investments to produce more revenue and ultimately assets as well. However, they must decrease the interest expense rate by either paying off debt or refinancing their short-term and long term debt. These two decisions will surely reflect an increase in ROE again, unless there is another strike or major economy crash. INTRODUCTION We have been asked to solve the assignment given to Fred Aldrich, which is analyzing the data of Basic Industries for the past ten years and making investment recommendations. Basic Industries is a global corporation that holds shares in various electrical related markets. The most recent annual report – 1994, shows a decline in the return on owners’ equity. This has some investors worried and they want him to figure out how the return on equity has been achieved in the past ten years. Fred has been suggested to forget the years 1989-1990 since there were strikes and the data wouldn’t be as comparable to other years. He has also been suggested to focus on the analysis for key financial ratios and direct  comparison between years 1993-1994, the most recent years. We have to focus on the quality of the company’s earning since the investors place an emphasis for it. Our end recommendation should be whether or not we hold on to the stocks because they are generating healthy equity. The first thing to do was calculate some key financial ratios for all eight years to be able to get a grasp on the trends for equity. Second, is to go more in depth analysis between years 1993-1994 to see why there is a drop in equity. After valuation, we should be able to determine whether or not the drop on equity was due to the stock investments or maybe it was due to something else. Lastly, calculating the quality of earnings will be a key factor for deciding whether or not to keep the stocks – but maybe change something else within the company to raise return on equity again. ANALYSIS AND CALCULATIONS Below are all the ratios and percentages used to support the analysis: From the calculations above, we can conclude that Return on Equity has a smooth trend over the eight years. Return on Equity is lower in the year 1994, which is why investors are worried. But this can be explained with some other ratios. The reason why ROE (Return on Equity) is lower in 1994 is because of the operating profit being lower as well, the year 1992 had the highest operating profit margin and then it started slowly dropping. Equity turnover has slowly being increasing throughout the years; this is a good sign. It means that the company has been producing more and more revenue with the investment – in this case all the shares in the various electrical related markets. Another good sign for the investment is the asset turnover ratio increasing throughout the years. This reflects that the assets are being efficiently used in the production of revenues. So far, we can conclude that the company is allocating assets in the right manners to produce the maximum revenues possible, and we know that the investment has also being increasing its turnover ratio. Lastly, the equity multiplier is showing an increase through the years; reflecting how efficient  shareholders’ equity is being used to create assets. So, why is ROE lower in 1994 if the ratios above show otherwise? This is because the interest expense has been increasing year by year; this decreases the quality of earnings since there is more interest being paid for long-term and short-term debt. Even though the company is paying more money, they are getting into more debt and paying high interest rates for such that ultimately reduces net income and therefore reduces ROE. After analyzing the decreasing tax rate, we can say that interest expense and its ratio has also being increasing.

Home Rehab Day at Tymco

During the rehab, the staff members from different units at Tymco became better acquainted. First, everyone in this activity shared ideas and took responsibility for what they were expert on. Second, they trusted each group to work on different things. At last, the case also provides evidence that people worked in Tymco who came from different units worked a lot with each other rather than worked with people from their own discipline.For example, Boudreau, the supervisor of technical documentation, worked with Benito from translation services and Jenkins from technical training, but not just worked with his own discipline workmates. Team spirit grows The home rehab day really gave a boost to team spirit. We can see that each member accepted assigned or self-appointed responsibility. They also discovered strengths and weakness. Only two days, they finished rehab the house. They worked well together. The ten participants painting the house together toward the end of the project showed that teamwork was developing.At the end of the day, they exchanged smiles, high fives and hugs [1], and received positive feedback from the family. Problems in the house rehab day At the end of the day, Ian, a staff from the technical manual group, commented that replacing shingles having no particular impact on becoming a better team player. Ian’s comment was valid on both sides: fixing shingles didn’t fix relationships, and also valid because fixing that shingle couldn’t consider you a team player.I agree with Ian’s comment because before we can have a better team player, it takes time to build up some bonds in order to get to work together. Maria and Cortez can’t really expect that a 2-days activity would change members’ perspective of working in a group. In my opinion, these kinds of activities should take place regularly maybe once a month. Also, the case mentioned that employees have actually never have lunch together, so maybe if they do that too, the relationship between them will be better.

How Businesses in Puerto Rico Are Using Social Networks Essay

Social Media Gives Industrial Companies Competitive Advantage, Says Thomas Industrial Network Report March 29, 2012 New York, NY Industrial companies that hesitate to embrace social media, believing that competitors are not using these platforms, are in danger of losing business opportunities, according to recent research from Thomas Industrial Network. In fact, seven out of 10 small and midsize suppliers (68 percent) are already engaging with prospects through these channels, gaining a competitive advantage over those who have yet to start. More than 3,000 respondents to Thomas surveys say that they routinely use social media to market their products and services, generate leads, answer questions, conduct research, and gain new business. Thomas studied the behaviors of suppliers (i.e., manufacturers and distributors) through its Industrial Marketer survey, and buyers through its Industrial Purchasing Barometer (IPB). The research focused on their use of platforms such as LinkedIn, YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, industry forums, and blogs. The responses paint a picture of an industrial sector that has made social networking a mainstream business practice. Buyers regularly rely on social media to conduct research on companies, and to seek others opinions on particular suppliers. Indeed, 56 percent of buyers now recommend that all suppliers establish a social media presence if they want to do business with them. In response, suppliers are jumping onto the social media bandwagon to provide information on their offerings (41 percent), find new prospects (27 percent), and learn what customers have to say about their companies (20 percent). The industrial sector is awakening to the fact that social media isn t just a passing consumer fancy, but an essential part of any branding and marketing program, said Susan Orr, Senior Director, Strategic Marketing, Thomas Industrial Network. Savvy suppliers also understand that the most effective social media programs need constant care and feeding. To influence prospective buyers, suppliers need to continually update their social media content, and to be actively engaging in and initiating conversations. But for many industrial suppliers, dedicating the resources and having the in-house expertise to manage social media is a challenge. In response, Thomas Industrial Network recently launched a new, cost effective program to help them take advantage of this important new channel. The Social Media Program helps suppliers reach prospects who are seeking information and advice for their businesses through channels such as LinkedIn, Twitter, Blogs, Facebook and Google+. Thomas takes the work off their hands, handling everything from strategy sessions and goal setting, to writing and posting unique content for each company. We re thrilled to offer a turn-key and affordable program that leverages Thomas 115 years of experience bringing buyers and suppliers of industrial products and services together, said Phil Paranicas, Director of Digital Media, Thomas Industrial Network. We have made it easy for any supplier to participate in social networking, and to begin reaching and influencing those prospects who regularly use these platforms. For more information on Thomas Social Media Program, please contact Mr. Paranicas at 212- 629-2134 or pparanicas@thomasnet.com. Thomas has also just published a new, free white paper, Why industrial businesses need to have a social media presence and how to get started, which includes additional results of its surveys, and provides social media best practices. To download a complimentary copy, please visit: http://promoteyourbusiness.thomasnet.com/white-papers/. About Thomas Industrial Network ® Thomas Industrial Network is an innovative information and technology company that helps industrial businesses to connect, collaborate and grow. We help companies to develop a complete web strategy, enabling them to share product data through all of their sales channels. As a result, we help industrial companies to increase sales, improve customer relationships and expand into new markets. One of our key offerings is ThomasNet.com, the premier website for product sourcing and supplier discovery and selection. We also provide strategic website development, tools and technology for industrial businesses to manage and share product and service data internally and externally. They include WebCAD publishing, and syndication of detailed product data to channel partners. Custom SPEC was designed for the unique needs of custom manufacturers. Additionally, we offer social media programs and search engine optimization services to help these businesses build brand awareness and generate leads. Our Navigator Platform is the hub through which we help our customers to manage their information. Our focus on the industrial sector for more than a century gives Thomas Industrial Network a unique perspective to anticipate and deliver new solutions that help industrial businesses grow. Visit us today to learn more. Home Supplier Search Product Search Product News CAD Drawings About Us SiteMaps Categories Featured Companies Featured Categories Featured Products Community Log In to MyThomas Sign Up for MyThomas Contact ThomasNet Provide Feedback Forums Careers Additional Resources Guides | White Papers Resources Press Room Testimonials FAQs Tools & Gadgets Job Board Deal of the Day Promote Your Business Free Listing Advertising Services Log In to Client Center  © 2013 Thomas Publishing Company. All rights reserved. See Terms and Conditions or Privacy Statement. Website Last Modified January 31, 2013. Thomas Register ® and Thomas Regional ® are part of ThomasNet.com. ThomasNet Is A Registered Trademark Of Thomas Publishing Company. http://www.thomasnet.com/print/pressroom/news/social-media-gives-industrial-companies†¦ 1/31/2013

The Second Half of Adolf Hitler’s Life

The world-renowned dictator of Germany, Adolf Hitler, was actually born as Austrian in 1889. It was during the second half of Hitler’s life that he began to realize German nationalism and anti-Semitism in Vienna, Austria.He had internalized and absorbed these ideas and decided to transfer to Munich, Germany where he gave up his Austrian citizenship by seeking the endorsement from the German nation. This happened in the year 1913.In 1914, World War II broke out and Hitler and used this occurrence to prove his loyalty to Germany which he considered as his new homeland. He served as a corporal in an infantry regiment and was decorated after being wounded in 1917 (â€Å"Adolf Hitler Biography,† n.d.).By 1918, Germany declared defeat and eventually surrendered and attributed this failure to the betrayal and treachery of the Jews as well as the Communist’s political rebellion. Hitler believed that in order to avoid this unpleasant incident from transpiring again, these so-called traitor groups must be abolished.Taking a different direction, Hitler decided to involve himself in politics by the year 1919 in that he signed up for the German Workers Party.In a year’s time he became the organization’s leader and later changed its name to National Socialist German Worker's Party or more popularly known as the Nazi. Hitler's platform was simple: create a new nation that included all German people and rebuild the German military forces (â€Å"Adolf Hitler Biography,† n.d.).Following World War I, the German army signed the Treaty of Versailles after which they were trimmed down in number and was obliged to disburse billions of dollars to the Allied powers for war damages thereby downgrading German reputation and resulting to economic depression and downfall.Subsequently, Hitler and the Nazis failed to recapture Germany in the supposed Beer Hal Putsch in 1923. This act was considered treason. As such, Hitler was punished for five years imprisonment, however, he only served it for nine months due to political demands. During Hitler’s stay in the penitentiary, he was able to write Mein Kampf (My Struggle), his political declaration and proposal for a Nazi government.In this manuscript, he proclaimed German superiority above other races and condemned the Jews as tainted among others. After the war, he even ordered the genocide of about six million Jews termed as the Holocaust. Hereon, Hitler advanced a dictatorial leadership to have power over the German population and inhibit those who rebel against him.During the 1930s, Hitler urged for a transformation of the German society upon the advent of political and economic flux and regression and this was heeded by the German people. In 1933, the Nazis gained recognition for these innovative agenda thus Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany.His leadership was tremendous in that he used media and press propaganda, large security force which used terror and inc arcerated Jews in concentration camps to signify Nazi authority in Germany.

Point-Of-Purchase Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Point-Of-Purchase Advertising - Essay Example Every time I pay for something at a convenience store or shopping mall, my eyes always stray to the magazine rack. The colorful front covers never fail to catch my attention. What is featured on those covers is also eye-catching. While I wait for my turn with the cashier, I find myself reading the tidbits about celebrities or appreciating the blurbs on interior decorating. On some days I would find myself getting a copy of one or two magazines from the display to add them to my purchases. The same thing happens to me when it comes to food. Whenever I go grocery shopping, I always come home with something I did not plan on buying. There was one time I only wanted to buy toiletries but arrived home with three cans of Campbell’s Mushroom Soup because the store was having a Buy One, Take One promo on the product. On other days, I would get a spaghetti pack since the store would have noodles and canned tomato sauce packaged as one item. The last product would be cosmetics. As a fem ale, I would always be on the lookout for bargains and sales. Although I am not the type to go to the mall specifically to buy any kind of make-up, when I see a basket with lip colors for a discounted price a piece, I normally grab some, thinking I could send them out later as gifts. This happens most often during the Christmas season when a number of cosmetic items are on sale. Another reason I tend to buy an eye-shadow kit, for example, is when the sales person offers to try the colors on me and I end up looking really nice. For food, cosmetics and magazine, I often find myself buying the products because of several reasons. For the magazines, I patronize because I find certain stories on the cover interesting. I am also a big fan of some celebrities so when they are featured by a magazine and I like the story about them, I buy the literature. I find the point-of-purchase marketing for this product helpful. If the magazines were not displayed near the checkout counter, I would not have seen the magazines. If so, I would not have gotten the information I was interested in. For the food products, I think their POP marketing was also effective but not as effective as that for the magazines. I did not find these annoying. However, I think that some of these did not even reach their target markets on some days. For example, as I was heading towards the dairy section one time, I happened to notice some promotional products on the display in another section. Since I did not need anything in that section, I did not stop to check out the items being advertised. In this sense, I think the POP was wasted. I have the same sentiments for the POP marketing used in cosmetics. I think these products are more of a luxury for most consumers than a necessity. On the other hand, customers will be still be encouraged to buy lipstick or compact powder after POP marketing like trial make-up, discounts and freebies because it is a chance to have a very expensive product to beautify themselves with. As a marketing executive for any of the three products, I would continue to spend some of my advertising budget on point-of-purchase advertising. These kinds of promotions â€Å"have been found to have a significant influence on consumer shopping behavior†¦ Point-Of-Purchase Advertising International (POPAI) reports that as much [as] 75 percent of buying decisions are made in-store.† (Nicolas, 2007) I would probably change some aspects of the POP based on the location of the product in a grocery store, for example. Not all products can enjoy the spot near the cashier where people spend time in line and can still make an impulse decision on the items in their line of vision. Some products are even in an aisle that may only see